The hydraulic piston pump is a key component of the mobile crane. It plays an important role in improving the efficiency and precision of mobile cranes. In this blog, WEITAI will show you the details from what a hydraulic piston pump is to how it can do that. Let’s dive in now.
What Is a Hydraulic Piston Pump?
The hydraulic piston pump is a commonly used hydraulic pump. Its working principle is based on the principle of volume change. The volume of the sealed working chamber is changed by the reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder body, thereby realizing oil suction and discharge.
Working Principle
The hydraulic piston pump mainly comprises a plunger, a cylinder body, an inlet and outlet oil valve, a spring, a sealing ring, etc. In the cylinder body, the plunger reciprocates through the force of the spring. When the plunger moves to the right, the volume of the sealed working chamber in the cylinder body decreases, pressure is generated, the inlet valve opens, and the hydraulic oil is sucked in from the low pressure; when the plunger moves to the left, the volume of the sealed working chamber increases, the pressure decreases, the outlet valve opens, and the hydraulic oil is discharged from the high pressure. The plunger’s reciprocating motion realizes the hydraulic oil’s suction and discharge.
Structural Features
- High-rated pressure: The rated pressure of the plunger pump is high, which can meet the needs of high-pressure and large-flow hydraulic systems.
- High machining precision: The plunger and the inner hole of the cylinder body are both cylindrical surfaces, which are easy to process, have high matching precision, good sealing performance, and high volumetric efficiency.
- Adjustable flow: The flow rate can be changed by simply changing the working stroke of the plunger, and it is easy to achieve variables.
- Full utilization of material strength: The main parts of the plunger pump are all subject to compressive stress, and the material strength performance can be fully utilized.
Application of Hydraulic Plunger Pump in Cranes
The application of hydraulic plunger pumps in mobile cranes is mainly reflected in providing them with powerful hydraulic power to support various operations and functions of the crane. Specifically, hydraulic plunger pumps are mainly used in mobile cranes in the following aspects.
Power Source of Boom and Outrigger
Boom: The boom of a mobile crane is the main component for lifting and moving heavy objects. The hydraulic plunger pump provides high-pressure hydraulic power to the hydraulic system of the boom, enabling it to achieve actions such as pitching and telescoping, thereby adapting to different working heights and distances. This precise and powerful power support ensures that the crane can complete the lifting task efficiently and stably.
Outrigger: The outrigger is a key component to ensure the crane’s stability. The hydraulic piston pump also provides power for the hydraulic system of the outriggers, enabling them to adjust height and angle to ensure the stability of the crane during operation. This is essential to prevent the crane from tipping over and ensure the safety of the operation.
The drive of Pulley Blocks and Wire Ropes
Although the drive of pulley blocks and wire ropes is mainly controlled by electric devices, the hydraulic power provided by the hydraulic piston pump also indirectly supports the operation of these components. For example, during the lifting process, the hydraulic piston pump may provide the necessary auxiliary power or control signal for the drive system of the pulley block and wire rope by driving the hydraulic pump motor or other hydraulic actuators.
Overall Control of the Hydraulic System
As one of the core components of the hydraulic system, the hydraulic piston pump is also responsible for providing stable hydraulic power for the entire hydraulic system. In mobile cranes, the hydraulic system usually includes multiple hydraulic actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors, etc.) and hydraulic control components (such as valves, pressure sensors, etc.). The hydraulic piston pump achieves precise control of various functions of the crane by providing high-pressure hydraulic power to these components.
Adapt to the Needs of Different Working Conditions
Hydraulic piston pumps have the characteristics of high pressure, large flow, and adjustability, which enable them to adapt to the needs of mobile cranes under different working conditions. For example, when working under heavy load or high speed, hydraulic piston pumps can provide greater hydraulic power; when working under light load or low speed, the output flow and pressure can be adjusted to reduce energy consumption and extend equipment life.
Hydraulic Piston Pump for Mobile Cranes
Improve Efficiency
High-pressure and efficient transmission
Hydraulic piston pumps have high-pressure characteristics and can meet the needs of mobile cranes for high-pressure and high-flow hydraulic systems. Its high-pressure output can ensure that the crane can perform actions such as lifting, luffing, and slewing quickly and powerfully during operation, thereby improving work efficiency.
High-pressure piston pumps can provide stable hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system, reduce energy loss, and improve the overall efficiency of the crane.
Precise Control
Hydraulic piston pumps can achieve precise adjustment of the hydraulic system through precise displacement control. In crane operation, this helps to achieve precise control of components such as booms and outriggers and improves the stability and safety of operations.
With advanced electronic control systems, hydraulic piston pumps can achieve step-less speed regulation and precise control, making the crane’s movements smoother and more precise, further improving operating efficiency.
Reduce Energy Loss
The hydraulic piston pump adopts efficient transmission mechanisms, such as spherical oil distribution and automatic centering technology, which can reduce friction and leakage and reduce energy loss. At the same time, its good sealing performance also helps to maintain the stability of the hydraulic system and reduce energy loss caused by leakage.
Regular Maintenance and Care
Regular maintenance and care of the hydraulic piston pump, such as replacing hydraulic oil and cleaning filters, can maintain its good working condition, reduce the occurrence of failures, and thus improve the overall operation efficiency of the crane.
Improve Precision
Precision Manufacturing and Processing
The manufacturing and processing accuracy of the hydraulic piston pump has an important impact on its performance. High-precision manufacturing and processing can ensure that the piston pump has better sealing and stability when working, thereby improving the control accuracy of the hydraulic system.
Advanced Control Algorithm
With advanced control algorithms, the hydraulic piston pump can achieve more precise control. For example, through the closed-loop control algorithm, the output pressure and flow of the hydraulic system can be adjusted in real-time to ensure that the crane can accurately execute various instructions during operation.
Reduce Vibration and Noise
The vibration and noise generated by the hydraulic piston pump during operation will affect the accuracy of the crane. By optimizing the structural design of the pump and adopting vibration and noise reduction measures, the vibration and noise levels can be reduced, thereby improving the operating accuracy of the crane.
Real-Time Monitoring and Feedback
The introduction of a real-time monitoring and feedback system can provide real-time information on the operating status and performance parameters of the hydraulic system. Through the analysis and processing of data, potential problems can be discovered and solved promptly to ensure that the crane can maintain high accuracy and stability during operation.
In Summary
The hydraulic piston pump can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of mobile cranes by providing high-pressure and efficient transmission, precise control, reducing energy loss, and cooperating with advanced control algorithms and real-time monitoring and feedback systems.
